In agricultural irrigation systems and landscaping applications, the burning or overheating of solenoid valve coils is one of the most common failures. This problem, often dismissed as a "voltage fluctuation," is actually rooted in the type of energy used (AC vs DC) and the operating principle of the valve. Especially in large fields and areas where energy infrastructure is limited, making the right choice regarding **12V DC vs 24V AC solenoid valve overheating problems** can extend the life of the system by years.
As Esular, we will examine in depth in this article why we prefer DC Latching technology instead of standard AC valves in the wireless and solar-powered systems we have developed, how this technology eliminates the overheating problem, and the technical advantages it provides to your business.
Why Do Solenoid Valves Overheat? A Technical Look
The heating of a solenoid valve is the result of a physical energy conversion. In traditional systems, continuous electrical energy must be applied to the coil to keep the valve open. This energy, while creating a magnetic field, also turns into heat energy due to the resistance in the coil windings.
24V AC (Alternating Current) Valves
In traditional wired systems, 24V AC valves are used as standard. The operating principle of these valves is as follows:
- Continuous Current Requirement: As long as the valve remains open, continuous current passes through the coil. If irrigation lasts for 4 hours, the coil draws energy and heats up for 4 hours.
- Initial Movement (Inrush) Current: AC coils draw high current at the first moment of pulling.
- Overheating Risk: If a voltage drop occurs or if there is a mechanical jam (if the piston cannot be fully pulled), the resistance of AC coils decreases, they draw excessive current, and burn out in a short time.
Solution: 12V DC Latching (Latch) Technology
The technology that solves the overheating problem at its root is the DC Latching (Latched) coil structure, which Esular also uses as standard in its systems. Unlike standard DC valves, Latching technology works as follows:
- Pulse Principle: To open the valve, only a short electrical pulse lasting milliseconds is sent. The valve opens and remains open even if the energy is cut, thanks to the permanent magnet inside.
- Zero Energy Consumption (Standby): No electricity goes to the coil when the valve is open. Since there is no electrical flow, overheating is physically impossible.
- Closing: To close, a short pulse of reverse polarity is sent and the valve locks and closes.
This operating principle is revolutionary, especially for solar-powered and battery-operated systems. Since there is no continuous load on the coil, coil burning, overheating, or energy waste does not occur.
Esular Wireless Smart Valve Control Unit and Latching Compatibility
Esular has developed the Wireless Smart Valve Control Unit to prevent cable clutter and coil burnouts in agricultural irrigation. This unit is optimized to manage 9-12V DC Latching solenoid coils.
- Energy Efficiency: Its self-solar-paneled structure operates uninterrupted throughout the year thanks to the low energy consumption of Latching technology.
- Coil Protection: Since the unit sends energy only at the moment of opening/closing, your coils never heat up and their life is extended.
Comparison: 24V AC vs 12V DC Latching
| Feature | 24V AC (Traditional) | 9-12V DC Latching (Esular) |
|---|---|---|
| Operating Energy | Continuous Energy (Produces Heat) | Only at the Moment of Triggering (Does Not Heat Up) |
| Wiring | Requires thick-section cable | No cable required (Control at the valve head) |
| Risk of Failure | High (Coil burning is common) | Very Low (No energy load) |
Conclusion
In the comparison of 12V DC vs 24V AC solenoid valve in agricultural irrigation, DC Latching systems are the clear winners of modern technology and efficiency. Esular technologies, which eliminate the overheating problem, zero out cable costs, and work in full harmony with solar energy, provide sustainable management in your field.
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