How Does Irrigation Efficiency Increase?

24 Ocak 2026 Çağla Altıntaş 14 görüntülenme

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How Does Irrigation Efficiency Increase?

Irrigation efficiency is very important to ensure the effective and sustainable use of water in agricultural production. In many regions where water resources are limited today, increasing irrigation efficiency is a vital necessity to both provide water savings and increase the quality and quantity of agricultural products. Among the methods used to reach this goal, the application of modern irrigation technologies ranks first. Systems such as drip irrigation and sprinkler systems, where water is directed directly to the plant root zone, increase efficiency by minimizing water waste.

Additionally, the correct adjustment of irrigation timing and amount is of great importance. Irrigation needs can be determined by utilizing technologies such as meteorological data and soil moisture sensors. Irrigation strategies implemented by considering the characteristics of soil structure and plant species ensure that water is used by the plant at a maximum level. Finally, the training and awareness-raising of participants in water management planning is indispensable for sustainable water use. These holistic approaches support environmental and economic sustainability by increasing the efficiency of agricultural production.

What are the Factors Affecting Irrigation Efficiency?

Water Source and Capacity: The source of the water used for irrigation and the capacity of this source directly affect irrigation efficiency. If the water source is insufficient or its capacity is limited, irrigation efficiency may decrease.
Soil Type and Characteristics: The water permeability of the soil affects the speed and depth of water reaching the root zones. It is important to know the soil structure and characteristics for efficient irrigation.
Plant Type and Characteristics: Different plant species have different water requirements. Irrigation programs should be adjusted according to plant species. The depth and spreading pattern of the plant's root structure are also among the factors affecting irrigation efficiency.
Climate Conditions: Climate conditions such as temperature, humidity, and wind significantly affect irrigation efficiency. For example, in hot and dry climates, evaporation is higher and irrigation water is depleted faster.
Irrigation Technique and Infrastructure: The irrigation systems used (drip irrigation, sprinkler, furrow irrigation, etc.) and infrastructure (channels, pipes, pumps) directly affect irrigation efficiency. Modern irrigation systems generally provide higher efficiency.
Water Distribution and Control: Regular and effective water distribution increases irrigation efficiency. Water management and control ensure that water is used at the right time and in the right amounts.
Soil Slope and Structure: Land slope affects how water is distributed and infiltrates the soil. In flat lands, the distribution of water is generally more regular.

By evaluating all these factors together, increasing irrigation efficiency and ensuring the efficient use of water resources can be achieved.

Current Status of Irrigation and Irrigated Agriculture in Turkey

Agricultural areas in Turkey cover a large surface area and a significant part of these areas has irrigation potential. While the total agricultural land of the country is calculated as 28.1 million hectares, as much as 6% of this has an irrigation potential of 13.5 million hectares. The underground and surface water resources owned by Turkey are estimated at a total of 107 billion m³/year. However, if current irrigation technologies are not improved, the area that can be irrigated with these resources will remain limited; according to existing data, an area of 8.5 million hectares is in an irrigable state. The General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works (DSİ) has played an important role in the development of major irrigation projects in Turkey. Especially projects like GAP (Southeastern Anatolia Project) have increased agricultural productivity.

While irrigation and irrigated agriculture in Turkey have an important role in agricultural production, they face various challenges. Approximately 30% of the agricultural areas in the country are of an irrigable nature. However, there are some important problems regarding the effectiveness and sustainability of irrigated agriculture in the current situation. Among these, the inefficient use of water resources, inadequacies in irrigation infrastructure, lack of planning in water consumption, and environmental effects such as water pollution and salinization stand out. Especially the intensive use of water in agricultural irrigation poses a major challenge in terms of the sustainability of water resources. The decrease in water stocks and the occurrence of water scarcity during drought periods negatively affect agricultural production and farmers' income. Additionally, the inadequacy of irrigation infrastructure and the failure to modernize aging systems prevent the more efficient use of water. Unplanned water consumption, on the other hand, makes it difficult to distribute water in a balanced way and leads to water stress in some regions.

In addition to this, the pollution and salinization of irrigation water is also an important problem. Salts accumulating in the soil reduce productivity and can threaten agricultural production in the long run. To cope with these problems, steps such as the dissemination of modern irrigation techniques, strengthening planning for effective water management, taking measures to protect water quality, and raising farmers' awareness need to be taken.

What Should We Do to Increase Irrigation Efficiency?

The following measures can be taken to increase irrigation efficiency:

Use of Modern Irrigation Techniques: In-situ irrigation systems such as drip irrigation and sprinklers direct water directly to the plant root zone, minimize water losses, and increase plant health. To get more detailed information on this subject; you can contact us at https://esular.com/akilli-sulama-sistemleri.
Irrigation According to Soil and Plant Needs: Irrigation time and amount should be determined using soil moisture sensors and meteorological data. This ensures that water is used at the right time and in the right amount.
Arrangement of Land Topography: Implementing terracing in sloped lands reduces erosion and ensures that water stays in the soil for a longer time.
Modernization of Water Transmission Systems: Closed pipe systems should be used instead of old open channels. These systems prevent water losses and ensure more effective distribution of water.
Farmer Training and Awareness: Farmers should be trained and made aware of correct irrigation methods and the protection of water resources.
Improvement of Irrigation Infrastructure: Irrigation infrastructures should be improved to ensure equal distribution of water. This optimizes water use and increases efficiency in agricultural production.
Planning and Monitoring of Irrigation Programs: A specific irrigation program should be created and this program should be monitored regularly. Irrigation management should be continuously reviewed to ensure the efficient use of water.

The application of these steps together ensures the sustainable use of water resources and increases efficiency in agricultural production. Irrigation efficiency and water management are possible with Esular.

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How Does Irrigation Efficiency Increase?