One of the important conditions for efficient production is the use of water at the appropriate time and in the correct amount. Sufficient moisture must be present in the root zone throughout the growth period of plants. However, due to the geographical location of our country, it is impossible to obtain high yields from 95% of our lands without irrigation. For this reason, in order to perform conscious irrigation, determining the period when plants need water and the amount of irrigation water to be applied at one time are among the prerequisites.
Determining when and at what intervals a plant should be irrigated, and the amount of water that should be given at one time, is most reliably achieved through scientific methods. Providing less irrigation water than required causes economic loss in the resulting product. Likewise, giving excessive water to the plant causes undesirable situations such as salinity and barrenness in the soil, leading to the loss of the land. In order to avoid these undesirable situations mentioned, irrigation planning should be carried out in the light of scientific research.
What is the Purpose of Irrigation Scheduling?
Determining the period to start irrigation
Determination of the number of irrigations
Determining irrigation intervals
Determining the amount of irrigation water to be applied at one time
What is the Basis for Determining the Amount of Irrigation Water?
The effective root depth of the plant is the root zone where it benefits from soil moisture. When soil moisture drops below the level that the plant can benefit from, irrigation should be performed. In short, the amount required to bring the water level in the soil to the field's water-holding capacity by irrigating is the amount of irrigation water. The amount of irrigation water is determined based on this principle.
What Needs to be Known in Irrigation Scheduling?
Characteristics of the plant
Water consumption of the plant
Available water-holding capacity of the soil
Moisture level at which irrigation will start
The amount of irrigation water to be given at each irrigation
What are the Benefits of Proper Irrigation Scheduling?
The yield and quality of the product are increased.
Precipitation is utilized more effectively.
Since irrigation will be more economical, irrigation costs are reduced.
Water savings are achieved by minimizing surface runoff and deep percolation.
A more fair and equal distribution of water among farmers is ensured.
Fertilizers in the soil are prevented from leaching, ensuring they remain in the soil.
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